ank-1

    ank-1

    English meaning: “need, necessity”

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “Zwank, Notwendigkeit”

    Material: Gk. ἀνάγκη “ necessity, compulsion “ (normally as reduplicated respectably), Ion. ἀναγκαίη ds. (from ἀναγκαῖος “ indispensable, necessary “, ἀναγκάζω “ compelled, forced, obliged “); O.Ir. écen (éc- from *ank- or *n̥k-), M.Welsh anghen, Welsh angen, Corn. Bret. anken “need, necessity”, im Ir. also ‘spoliation, act of violence”. Although “ compulsion” from “ hostile distress, pursuit “ were comprehensible, it makes does Gk.-Celt. meaning - concordance, nevertheless, doubtful, whether phonetically correspondent O.H.G. ühta “ hostile pursuit “, Ger. Acht, O.E. ōht (Proto-Gmc. *anχtō), Gmc. EN u̇ctumērus (i.e. n. u̇χtumēraz, 1. year A.D.; Brugmann Grdr. I2382) wherewith Ir. écht (*anktu- or *n̥ktu-, *enktu-) “ manslaughter” at first is to be connected (see Falk-Torp 17, 1430), root-like with ank- “ compulsion “ (: “ press, kill “?) originally is same, or connected to *enek- “ kill “, as well as Hitt. ḫi-in-kán, ḫé-en-kán (ḫenkan) “ death”. maybe Alb.Gheg hekë “agony”: Hitt. ḫi-in-kán, ḫé-en-kán (ḫenkan) “ death”; both Alb. and hitt have preserved the old laryngeal ḫ-.

    References: WP. I 60. Pedersen Hittitisch 183 f., Hendriksen Unters. 28, Benveniste Origines 155.